Moroccan music is of Arabic, Berber and sub-Saharan origins. Ce site de quatorze ha disposera d'installations sportives pour les amateurs et les professionnels de haut niveau dans différentes disciplines[13]. The second reform created a fund to cover services for the poor. From the 13th century onwards the country saw a massive migration of the Banu Hilal Arab tribes. souhaitée]. [63] The avifauna of Morocco includes a total of 454 species, five of which have been introduced by humans, and 156 are rarely or accidentally seen. [122], The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research is supporting research in advanced technologies and the development of innovative cities in Fez, Rabat and Marrakesh. Hundreds took part in a trade union rally in Casablanca in May 2012. Their presence in the city helped to boost the city's profile as a tourist destination. Les travaux démarreront en 2009 et seront achevés en 2014.[réf. In 2005, The government of Morocco approved two reforms to expand health insurance coverage. Construction21 est un portail d'information destiné aux professionnels de la construction, qui peuvent y partager leurs bonnes pratiques. Several divisions of Moroccan soldiers (Goumiers or regular troops and officers) served in the French army in both World War I and World War II, and in the Spanish Nationalist Army in the Spanish Civil War and after (Regulares). A truth commission set up in 2005 to investigate human rights abuses during his reign confirmed nearly 10,000 cases, ranging from death in detention to forced exile. [168] These mostly rural regions are marked by numerous kasbahs (fortresses) and ksour (fortified villages) shaped by local geography and social structures, of which one of the most famous is Ait Benhaddou. The issue of lack of water connections for some of the urban poor is being addressed as part of the National Human Development Initiative, under which residents of informal settlements have received land titles and have fees waived that are normally paid to utilities in order to connect to the water and sewer network. Most of the population lives to the north of these mountains, while to the south lies the Western Sahara, a former Spanish colony that was annexed by Morocco in 1975 (see Green March). Tourism is one of the most important sectors in Moroccan economy. In 1943, the Istiqlal Party (Independence Party) was founded to press for independence, with discreet US support. In 1991, a ceasefire agreement was reached, but the issue of sovereignty remained unresolved. The following year, Spanish King Juan Carlos I visited Ceuta and Melilla, further angering Morocco which demanded control of the enclaves. [82], In 2006, the government of Morocco has suggested autonomous status for the region, through the Moroccan Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs (CORCAS). The Moroccan government has launched a project to build a solar thermal energy power plant[115] and is also looking into the use of natural gas as a potential source of revenue for Morocco's government. Morocco attracted more than 13 million tourists in 2019. In 2002, Morocco and Spain agreed to a US-brokered resolution over the disputed island of Perejil. [citation needed], Education in Morocco is free and compulsory through primary school. Hivers et printemps sont eux aussi pluvieux et les températures moyennes vont de 8 °C à 18 °C au meilleur de la journée. The Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, which started in the middle of the 7th century, was achieved by the Umayyad Caliphate early into the following century. The most notable violence occurred in Oujda where Moroccans attacked French and other European residents in the streets. Upon the death of Mohammed V, Hassan II became King of Morocco on 3 March 1961. Le montant de l'investissement prévu est de quarante-six milliards de DH, dont 13,6 milliards pour le résidentiel, 3,3 milliards pour l'hébergement hôtelier, 3,1 milliards pour les équipements et services, 8,3 milliards pour les infrastructures et 17,6 milliards induits par le développement. The Assembly of Representatives of Morocco (Majlis an-Nuwwâb/Assemblée des Répresentants) has 325 members elected for a five-year term, 295 elected in multi-seat constituencies and 30 in national lists consisting only of women. Both reforms improved access to high-quality care. In 1983, Hassan cancelled planned elections amid political unrest and economic crisis. The latter is in charge of bulk water supply to the aforementioned utilities, water distribution in about 500 small towns, as well as sewerage and wastewater treatment in 60 of these towns. As a result, by the late 3rd century, direct Roman rule had become confined to a few coastal cities, such as Septum (Ceuta) in Mauretania Tingitana and Cherchell in Mauretania Caesariensis. According to medieval legend, Idris ibn Abdallah had fled to Morocco after the Abbasids' massacre of his tribe in Iraq. France showed a strong interest in Morocco as early as 1830, not only to protect the border of its Algerian territory, but also because of the strategic position of Morocco with coasts on the Mediterranean and the open Atlantic. Mass education in hygiene is implemented in primary education schools which are free for residents of Morocco. In 2001, the first International Film Festival of Marrakech (FIFM) was also held in Marrakech. [15] Morocco spans an area of 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi) and has a population of over 37 million. More than 40% of Morocco's consumption of grains and flour is imported from the United States and France. [102] Morocco's relatively high number of tourists has been aided by its location—Morocco is close to Europe and attracts visitors to its beaches. On the Atlantic coast, where there are extensive plains, olives, citrus fruits, and wine grapes are grown, largely with water supplied by artesian wells. Other resorts in north Morocco are also very popular. Elle sera constituée de trois cent vingt villas de mille neuf cent vingt lits, cent quatre-vingt-treize appartements de sept cent soixante-douze lits et deux cent quatre-vingt chambres d'hôtel de cinq cent soixante lits. Prior to independence, Morocco was home to half a million Europeans; who were mostly Christians. Following the March 1998 elections, a coalition government headed by opposition socialist leader Abderrahmane Youssoufi and composed largely of ministers drawn from opposition parties, was formed. Morocco's predominant religion is Islam, and its official languages are Arabic and Berber. [2] The last Barbary lion in the wild was shot in the Atlas Mountains in 1922. souhaitée], dépassant désormais l'aéroport d'Oujda en termes de trafic. Part of the maritime population fishes for its livelihood. The country wields significant influence in both Africa and the Arab world, and is considered a regional power and a middle power. The prolonged war was a considerable financial drain on Morocco. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}32°N 6°W / 32°N 6°W / 32; -6. The Polisario movement was formed in 1973, with the aim of establishing an independent state in the Spanish Sahara. Due to the conflict over Western Sahara, the status of the Saguia el-Hamra and Río de Oro regions is disputed. According to the Global Competitiveness Report of 2019, Morocco Ranked 32nd in the world in terms of Roads, 16th in Sea, 45th in Air and 64th in Railways. XINGPING Navy Bar Tout en Aluminium Retour Chaise de Bar Café Table Et Chaise Combinaison Tabouret Haut Café Table Et Chaises Tabouret De Bar (Couleur : 66cmsitting High) Prix régulier â¬285 54 â¬285,54. However, Hassan declared a state of emergency and suspended parliament in 1965. Off the Atlantic coast the Canary Islands belong to Spain, whereas Madeira to the north is Portuguese. [60] This code was used as the basis for Morocco's internet domain, .ma.[60]. Le chantier sera ouvert en 2012 pour s'achever en 2020[réf. Morocco has an excellent road and rail infrastructure that links the major cities and tourist destinations with ports and cities with international airports. Morocco was facing aggression from Spain and the Ottoman Empire allies pressing westward. Modern Moroccan literature began in the 1930s. In general, apart from the southeast regions (pre-Saharan and desert areas), Morocco's climate and geography are very similar to the Iberian peninsula. Under the Saadi dynasty, the country ended the Aviz dynasty of Portugal at the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in 1578. It is situated in the Tangiers free economic zone and serves as a logistics hub for Africa and the world. Sultan Mohammed became king in 1957. [92][93] It is illegal to proselytise for any religion other than Islam (article 220 of the Moroccan Penal Code), and that crime is punishable by a maximum of 15 years of imprisonment. Tourism is the second largest foreign exchange earner in Morocco after the phosphate industry. Other important Moroccan authors include, Abdellatif Laabi, Abdelkrim Ghallab, Fouad Laroui, Mohammed Berrada and Leila Abouzeid. Although they have continuously asked the government to let them back into the country, they have been refused. Many countries from the Persian Gulf and Maghreb regions are getting more involved in large-scale development projects in Morocco. Text taken from UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030, 431–467, UNESCO, UNESCO Publishing. Spices are used extensively in Moroccan cuisine. Morocco is relatively inexpensive because of the devaluation of the dirham and the increase of hotel prices in Spain. In the 15th century, the Reconquista ended Muslim rule in Iberia and many Muslims and Jews fled to Morocco.[39]. In 1884, Spain created a protectorate in the coastal areas of Morocco. The word "Morocco" is ultimately derived from the name of the city of Marrakesh, which was its capital under the Almoravid dynasty and the Almohad Caliphate. The UN maintains a small observer force in Western Sahara, where a large number of Morocco's troops are stationed. This article is about the country in North Africa. The country's diverse geography and long history, marked by successive waves of settlers through both migration and military conquest, are all reflected in its architecture. The direct exposure to the North Atlantic Ocean, the proximity to mainland Europe and the long stretched Rif and Atlas mountains are the factors of the rather European-like climate in the northern half of the country. Governor general Marshall Hubert Lyautey sincerely admired Moroccan culture and succeeded in imposing a joint Moroccan-French administration, while creating a modern school system. Water supply and sanitation in Morocco is provided by a wide array of utilities. souhaitée] dont une cimenterie du groupe suisse Holcim[4]. [195] In 2016 the life expectancy at birth was 74.3, or 73.3 for men and 75.4 for women, and there were 6.3 physicians and 8.9 nurses and midwives per 10,000 inhabitants. According to research published, in 2005 only 16% of citizens in Morocco had health insurance or coverage. It was founded by Salih I ibn Mansur in 710, as a client state to the Umayyad Caliphate. Moroccan culture blends aspects of Berber, Arab, Sephardic Jewish, West African, and European culture, having been influenced at various times by all of them. [40] With his Jaysh d'Ahl al-Rif (the Riffian Army) he re-occupied Tangier from the English who had abandoned it in 1684 and drove the Spanish from Larache in 1689. The internationally recognised borders of the country lie between latitudes 27° and 36°N, and longitudes 1° and 14°W. [122][123], As of 2015, Morocco had three technoparks. Chicken is also very commonly used in Tagines, knowing that one of the most famous tagine is the Tagine of Chicken, potatoes and olives. [29], In the early part of the Classical Antiquity period, Northwest Africa and Morocco were slowly drawn into the wider emerging Mediterranean world by the Phoenicians, who established trading colonies and settlements there, the most substantial of which were Chellah, Lixus, and Mogador. Son activité économique est essentiellement liée à la sidérurgie[2] ainsi qu'à la pêche. Suivez toute l'actualité française et internationale avec les News 24/7 The Rif mountains stretch over the region bordering the Mediterranean from the north-west to the north-east. A large part of Morocco is mountainous. Despite the reforms made by Mohammed VI, demonstrators continued to call for deeper reforms. [132] Also prior to independence, Morocco was home to 250,000 Spaniards. The Idrisids established Fes as their capital and Morocco became a centre of Muslim learning and a major regional power. Morocco has been accused of detaining Sahrawi pro-independence activists as prisoners of conscience. Interest groups that formed among these elements continually pressured France to increase its control over Morocco – a control which was also made necessary by the continuous wars among Moroccan tribes, part of which had taken sides with the French since the beginning of the conquest. Nador (en langue berbère : Naá¸or, âµâ´°â´¹âµâµ ; en arabe : اÙÙاظÙر) est une ville située au nord-est du Maroc, située dans la région du Rif oriental, jouxtant la lagune de Nador.. Nador est située à 150 km d'Al hoceïma (ouest), à 80 km de Berkane (est) et à 110 km de Taourirt (Sud). Through Moroccan history, it has hosted many people coming from East (Phoenicians, Jews and Arabs), South (Sub-Saharan Africans) and North (Romans, Andalusians). Algeria borders Morocco to the east and southeast, though the border between the two countries has been closed since 1994. La dépollution de la lagune et la construction d'une deuxième embouchure, renforçant son renouvellement en eau de mer et améliorant la qualité de l'eau de la lagune, ont été réalisées. [50] The institution of slavery was abolished in 1925.[51]. [189], Many efforts are made by countries around the world to address health issues and eradicate disease, Morocco included. Nevertheless, the Moroccan dynasties of Marinid (which ruled from the 13th into the 15th century) and Saadi (which ruled from the 15th into the 17th century) otherwise resisted foreign domination: Morocco was the only country in northwest African to escape occupation by the Ottoman Empire. After the outbreak of the Berber Revolt in 739, the Berbers formed other independent states such as the Miknasa of Sijilmasa and the Barghawata. Prime Minister Youssoufi's government was the first ever government drawn primarily from opposition parties, and also represents the first opportunity for a coalition of socialists, left-of-centre, and nationalist parties to be included in the government until October 2002. [83] The Security Council has called upon the parties to enter into direct and unconditional negotiations to reach a mutually accepted political solution. Since improving the quality of education goes hand in hand with promoting research and development, the report also recommended developing an integrated national innovation system which would be financed by gradually increasing the share of GDP devoted to research and development (R&D) from 0.73% of GDP in 2010 ‘to 1% in the short term, 1.5% by 2025 and 2% by 2030’. [59], Morocco is represented in the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 geographical encoding standard by the symbol MA. Tourism is increasingly focused on Morocco's culture, such as its ancient cities. In May 2009, Morocco's prime minister, Abbas El Fassi, announced greater support for science during a meeting at the National Centre for Scientific and Technical Research. [5], It is estimated that between 41%[128] to 80% of residents have Berber ancestral origins. According to the 2004 census, 2.19 million Moroccans spoke a foreign language other than French. Chicken is the most widely eaten meat in Morocco. [41][42][43] In the beginning of the American Revolution, American merchant ships in the Atlantic Ocean were subject to attack by the Barbary pirates. Il sera composé de logements particuliers tournés vers la mer avec une capacité globale de six mille lits[11]. [161][162] This "Islamic architecture" of Morocco was part of a wider cultural and artistic complex, often referred to as "Moorish" art, which characterized Morocco, al-Andalus (Muslim Spain and Portugal), and parts of Algeria and even Tunisia. Child health, maternal health, and diseases are all components of health and well-being. [30] Mogador was established as a Phoenician colony as early as the 6th century BC. Algerian authorities have estimated the number of Sahrawi refugees in Algeria to be 165,000. Some 592 people were recorded killed during Hassan's rule according to the truth commission. [149] The Berber language is spoken in three dialects (Tarifit, Tashelhit and Central Atlas Tamazight). [49], Tens of thousands of colonists entered Morocco. This population is mostly elderly, with a decreasing number of young people. The English name "Morocco" is an anglicisation of the Spanish name for the country, "Marruecos". The proposal was encouraged by Moroccan allies such as the United States, France and Spain. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0. The country's Mediterranean climate is similar to that of southern California, with lush forests in the northern and central mountain ranges of the country, giving way to drier conditions and inland deserts further southeast. Roberts, Priscilla H. and Richard S. Roberts, Leyre Gil Perdomingo and Jaime Otero Roth (2008). Trade of animals and plants for food, pets, medicinal purposes, souvenirs and photo props is common across Morocco, despite laws making much of it illegal. The al-Qarawiyin University, founded by Fatima al-Fihri in the city of Fez in 859 as a madrasa,[187] is considered by some sources, including UNESCO, to be the "oldest university of the world". There are also a number of flat breads and pulled unleavened pan-fried breads. A month later Spain forsook its protectorate in Northern Morocco to the new state but kept its two coastal enclaves (Ceuta and Melilla) on the Mediterranean coast which dated from earlier conquests. As of 2006[update], no UN member state has recognised Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara. The latest parliamentary elections were held on October 12, 2016. Morocco and the Polisario Front held UN-sponsored talks in New York City but failed to come to any agreement. Moroccan literature flourished with novelists such as Mohamed Zafzaf and Mohamed Choukri, who wrote in Arabic, and Driss Chraïbi and Tahar Ben Jelloun who wrote in French. High quality agricultural products are usually exported to Europe. The Moroccan government is heavily investing in tourism development, in 2010 the government launched its Vision 2020 which plans to make Morocco one of the top 20 tourist destinations in the world and to double the annual number of international arrivals to 20 million by 2020,[101] with the hope that tourism will then have risen to 20% of GDP. Mendler Lot de 2 chaises ⦠[196] In 2017, Morocco ranked 16th out of 29 countries on the Global Youth Wellbeing Index. Bread in Morocco is principally from durum wheat semolina known as khobz. Mohammed Benjelloun Touimi, Abdelkbir Khatibi and Mohamed Kably, Bath, Richard (ed.) All those civilisations have affected the social structure of Morocco. Dès 2015, commencera également l'aménagement de « la Baie des flamands » où sont prévus vingt neuf mille lits. [citation needed] Several Moroccan professional players have competed in international competition, and the country fielded its first Davis Cup team in 1999. Morocco was the first nation to recognise the fledgling United States as an independent nation in 1777. Executive power is exercised by the government, while legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. [citation needed], The religious affiliation in the country was estimated by the Pew Forum in 2010 as 99% Muslim, with all remaining groups accounting for less than 1% of the population. [194] Since 2014, spending on healthcare as part of the GDP has decreased. In contrast to the Sahara region in the south, coastal plains are fertile in the central and northern regions of the country, and comprise the backbone of the country's agriculture, in which 95% of the population live. The main Moroccan dish most people are familiar with is couscous,[178] the old national delicacy. In July 2011, the King won a landslide victory in a referendum on a reformed constitution he had proposed to placate the Arab Spring protests. From the total foreign investments in Morocco, the European Union invests approximately 73.5%, whereas, the Arab world invests only 19.3%. Over the past 20 years, the government has built approximately 1770 kilometers of modern roads, connecting most major cities via toll expressways. Morocco (/məˈrɒkoʊ/ (listen); Arabic: المغرب, romanized: al-maḡrib, lit. The area of present-day Morocco has been inhabited since at least Paleolithic times, beginning sometime between 190,000 and 90,000 BC. According to Ethnologue, as of 2016, there are 1,536,590 individuals (or approximately 4.5% of the population) in Morocco who speak Spanish. Government repression of political dissent was widespread during Hassan II's leadership, until it dropped sharply in the mid-1990s. Since the constitutional reform of 1996, the bicameral legislature consists of two chambers. C'est aussi en automne que la chute des températures est remarquable à Nador. Cette nouvelle ville couvrant 76,3 ha sera construite sous forme de village-marina. [113] However, as forecasts indicate that energy requirements in Morocco will rise 6% per year between 2012 and 2050,[114] a new law passed encouraging Moroccans to look for ways to diversify the energy supply, including more renewable resources. [163][162][166][167], Although Moroccan Berber architecture is not strictly separate from the rest of Moroccan architecture, many structures and architectural styles are distinctively associated with traditionally Berber or Berber-dominated regions of Morocco such as the Atlas Mountains and the Sahara and pre-Sahara regions. 'place the sun sets; the west'; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, romanized: lmeɣrib), officially the Kingdom of Morocco (Arabic: المملكة المغربية, romanized: al-mamlaka al-maḡribiyya, lit. An extension of the line to Marrakesh is already being planned. Morocco has a coast by the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. Spanish territory in Northwest Africa neighbouring Morocco comprises five enclaves on the Mediterranean coast: Ceuta, Melilla, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, Peñón de Alhucemas, the Chafarinas islands, and the disputed islet Perejil. [136] Other large communities can be found in Italy, Canada, the United States, and Israel, where Moroccan Jews are thought to constitute the second biggest Jewish ethnic subgroup. For 2012 the World Bank forecast a rate of 4% growth for Morocco and 4.2% for following year, 2013.[100]. Those writers were an important influence the many Moroccan novelists, poets and playwrights that were still to come. However, the Festival's musicians did not play the Moroccan national anthem, as no one in attendance knew what it was. [25] That name is still used today in some languages, including Persian, Urdu, and Punjabi. While spices have been imported to Morocco for thousands of years, many ingredients such as saffron from Tiliouine, mint and olives from Meknes, and oranges and lemons from Fez, are home-grown. On 6 November 1975, King Hassan asked for volunteers to cross into the Spanish Sahara. Moroccan literature then flourished with writers such as Mohamed Choukri, Driss Chraïbi, Mohamed Zafzaf and Driss El Khouri. The estimated literacy rate for the country in 2012 was 72%. Tea occupies a very important place in the culture of Morocco and is considered an art form. Elle offrira trente deux mille lits[10]. Nador est située à 150 km d'Al hoceïma (ouest), à 80 km de Berkane (est) et à 110 km de Taourirt (Sud). While focusing on linking the southern provinces, notably the cities of Laayoune and Dakhla to the rest of Morocco. L'agglomération de Nador est situé dans l'Oriental, au nord-est du Maroc à quelques kilomètres à l'est de l'enclave espagnole de Melilla. Chaabi was originally performed in markets, but is now found at any celebration or meeting. Bakeries are very common throughout Morocco and fresh bread is a staple in every city, town and village. The name can also be translated as "kingdom of the evening". Morocco is home to Andalusian classical music that is found throughout Northwest Africa. Morocco also produces a significant amount of illicit hashish, much of which is shipped to Western Europe. L'économie informelle est en voie de déclin grâce aux nombreux projets urbains en cours (port Nador West Med, projet Marchica[5]...). The southeasternmost portions of Morocco are very hot, and include portions of the Sahara Desert, where vast swathes of sand dunes and rocky plains are dotted with lush oases. When, in 429 AD, the area was devastated by the Vandals, the Roman Empire lost its remaining possessions in Mauretania, and local Mauro-Roman kings assumed control of them. In 1968, the first Mediterranean Film Festival was held in Tangier. A dispute with Spain in 2002 over the small island of Perejil revived the issue of the sovereignty of Melilla and Ceuta. Nador bénéficie d'un climat méditerranéen. Morocco is a Northern African country, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and the annexed Western Sahara. Beef is the most commonly eaten red meat in Morocco, usually eaten in a Tagine with vegetables or legumes. The Moroccan Ministry of Equipment, Transport, Logistics, and Water aims to build an additional 3380 kilometers of expressway and 2100 kilometers of highway by 2030, at an expected cost of $9.6 billion. [citation needed], Culturally speaking, Morocco has always been successful in combining its Berber, Jewish and Arabic cultural heritage with external influences such as the French and the Spanish and, during the last decades, the Anglo-American lifestyles.[158][159][160].
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